FACTS TO MAKE EVERY Indian PROUD

Q. Who is the GM of Hewlett Packard (hp) ?


A. Rajiv Gupta



Q. Who is the creator of Pentium chip (needs no introduction as 90% of the today's computers run on it)?
A. Vinod Dahm



Q. Who is the third richest man on the world?
A. According to the latest report on Fortune Magazine, it is
L.N Mital , who is the Chairman of Arcellor-Mital Industries.



Q. Who is the founder and creator of Hotmail (Hotmail is world's No.1 web based email program)?
A. Sabeer Bhatia


Q. Who is the president of AT & T-Bell Labs (AT & T-Bell Labs is the creator of program languages such as C, C++, Unix to name a few)?
A. Arun Netravalli



Q. Who are the Chief Executives of CitiBank, Mckensey & Stanchart?
A. Victor Menezes, Rajat Gupta, and Rana Talwar.


We Indians are the wealthiest among all ethnic groups in America , even faring better than the whites and the natives.
There are 3.22 millions of Indians in USA (1.5% of population). YET,
38% of doctors in USA are Indians.


12% scientists in USA are Indians.
36% of NASA scientists are Indians.


34% of Microsoft employees are Indians.
28% of IBM employees are Indians.
17% of INTEL scientists are Indians.
13% of XEROX employees are! Indians.



Some of the following facts may be known to you. These facts were recently published in a German magazine, which deals with WORLD HISTORY FACTS ABOUT INDIA .


1. India never invaded any country in her last 1000 years of history.
2. India invented the Number system. Zero was invented by Aryabhatta.
3. The world's first University was established in Takshila in 700BC. More than 10,500 students from all over the world studied more than 60 subjects. The University of Nalanda built in the 4 th century BC was one of the greatest achievements of ancient India in the field of education.
4. According to the Forbes magazine, Sanskrit is the most suitable language for computer software.

5. Ayurveda is the earliest school of medicine known to humans.
6. Although western media portray modern images of India as poverty striken and underdeveloped through political corruption, India was once the richest empire on earth.

7. The art of navigation was born in the river Sindh 5000 years ago. The very word 'Navigation' is derived from the Sanskrit word NAVGATIH.
8. The value of pi was first calculated by Budhayana, and he explained the concept of what is now k! nown as the Pythagorean Theorem. British scholars have last year (1999) officially published that Budhayan's works dates to the 6 th Century which is long before the European mathematicians.

9. Algebra, trigonometry and calculus came from India . Quadratic equations were by Sridharacharya in the 11 th Century; the largest numbers the Greeks and the Romans used were 106 whereas Indians used numbers as big as 10 53.
10.. According to the Gemmological Institute of America, up until 1896, India was the only source of diamonds to the world.

11. USA based IEEE has proved what has been a century-old suspicion amongst academics that the pioneer of wireless communication was Professor Jagdeesh Bose and not Marconi.
12. The earliest reservoir and dam for irrigation was built in Saurashtra.

13. Chess was invented in India .


14. Sushruta is the father of surgery. 2600 years ago he and health scientists of his time conducted surgeries like cesareans, cataract, fractures and urinary stones.. Usage of anaesthesia was well known in ancient India .
15. When many cultures in the world were only nomadic forest dwellers over 5000 years ago, Indians established Harappan culture in Sindhu Valley ( Indus Valley Civilisation).
16. The place value system, the decimal system was developed in India in 100 BC.


Quotes about India .


We owe a lot to the Indians, who taught us how to count, without which no worthwhile scientific discovery could have been made.
Albert Einstein.


India is the cradle of the human race, the birthplace of human speech, the mother of history, the grandmother of legend and the great grand mother of tradition.
Mark Twain.



If there is one place on the face of earth where all dreams of living men have found a home from the very earliest days when man began the dream of existence, it is India .
French scholar Romain Rolland.



India conquered and dominated China culturally for 20 centuries without ever having to send a single soldier across her border.
Hu Shih


(former Chinese ambassador to USA )




ALL OF THE ABOVE IS JUST THE TIP OF THE ICEBERG, THE LIST COULD BE ENDLESS.
BUT, if we don't see even a glimpse of that great India in the India that we see today, it clearly means that we are not working up to our potential; and that if we do, we could once again be an evershining and inspiring country setting a bright path for rest of the world to follow.
I hope you enjoyed it and work towards the welfare of INDIA .

AIRCRAFT ON THE IAF INVENTORY

AIRCRAFT ON THE IAF INVENTORY

The Strength

SU-30 ~ Twin seater twin engine multirole fighter of Russian origin which carries 130 mm GSH gun alongwith 8000 kg external armament. It is capable of carrying a variety of medium-range guided air to air missiles with active or semi-active radar or Infra red homing close range missiles. It has a max speed of 2500 km/hr (Mach 2.35).




MiG-29 ~ Twin engine, single seater air superiority fighter aircraft of Russian origin capable of attaining max. speed of 2445 km per hour (Mach-2.3). It has a combat ceiling of 17 km. It carries a 30 mm cannon alongwith four R-60 close combat and two R-27 R medium range radar guided missiles.



MiG-27 ~ Single engine, single seater tactical strike fighter aircraft of Russian origin having a max. speed of 1700 km/hr (Mach 1.6). It carries one 23 mm six-barrel rotary integral cannon and can carry upto 4000 kg of other armament externally.



MiG-25 ~ Twin engine, single seater strategic reconnaissance aircraft of Russian origin having a max. speed of Mach 3.2 and max height close to 24 km unmatched by any other fighter aircraft in the world.



MiG-23 MF ~ Single engine, single seater swing wing air superiority fighter of Russian origin carrying one 23 mm twin barrel gun and two R-23R/T medium range and two R-60 close combat missiles. It has a max speed of 2446 km/hr (Mach 2.3).



MiG-21 BIS ~ Single engine, single seater multirole fighter/ground attack aircraft of Russian origin which forms the back-bone of the IAF. It has a max speed of 2230 km/hr (Mach 2.1) and carries one 23mm twin barrel cannon with four R-60 close combat missiles.



Mirage-2000 ~ A single seater air defence and multi-role fighter of French origin powered by a single engine can attain max speed of 2495 km/hr(Mach 2.3). It carries two 30 mm integral cannons and two matra super 530D medium-range and two R-550 magic II close combat missiles on external stations.



Jaguar ~ A twin-engine, single seater deep penetration strike aircraft of Anglo-French origin which has a max. speed of 1350 km /hr (Mach 1.3). It has two 30mm guns and can carry two R-350 Magic CCMs (overwing) alongwith 4750 kg of external stores (bombs/fuel).


Canberra ~ Twin engine, twin seater subsonic tactical bomber and interdictor of British origin having max speed of 933 km/hr having four integral cannons (20 mm) and capable of carrying three bombs (1000 lbs each) internally alongwith two bombs (1000 lbs) underwing or 8000 lbs bomb load internally and underwing. BAe/English Electric Canberra B(I) 58.



IL-76 ~ A four engine heavy duty/long haul military transport aircraft of Russian origin with a max speed of 850 km/hr. It has a twin 23 mm cannon in tail turret and capacity to carry 225 paratroopers or 40 tonnes freight, wheeled or tracked armoured vehicles.



AN-32 ~ Twin engine turboprop, medium tactical transport aircraft of Russian origin with a crew of five and capacity to carry 39 paratroopers or max load of 6.7 tonnes. It has a max cruise speed of 530 km/hr.



AVRO ~ Twin engine turboprop, military transport and freighter of British origin having a capacity of 48 paratroopers or 6 tonnes freight and max cruise speed of 452 km/hr.



Dornier ~ Twin engine turboprop, logistic air support staff transport aircraft of German origin capable of carrying 19 passengers or 2057 kg freight. It has a max speed of 428 km/hr.



Boeing 737-200 ~ Twin engine turbofan, VIP passenger aircraft of American origin with total seating capacity of upto 60 passengers. It has a max cruise speed of 943 km/hr.



MI-26 ~ Twin engine turboshaft, military heavy lift helicopter of Russian origin with carrying capacity of 70 combat equipped troops or 20,000 kg payload. It has a max speed of 295 km/hr.



MI-25 ~ Twin engine turboshaft, assault and anti armour helicopter capable of carrying 8 men assault squad with four barrel 12.7 mm rotary gun in nose barbette and upto 1500 Kg of external ordnance including Scorpion anti-tank missiles. It has a max cruise speed of 310 km/hr.




MI-17 ~ Twin engine turboshaft, medium transport helicopter of Russian origin with a capacity of 24 troops or 3.3 tonnes of freight. It carries 6 UV-17, 57 mm rocket pods and has max cruise speed of 240 km/hr.



Chetak ~ Single engine turboshaft, light utility French helicopter with capacity of 6 passengers or 500 kg load. The anti-tank version carries 4 AS-11 wire guided missiles. It has a max speed of 220 km/hr.



Cheetah ~ Single engine turboshaft, FAC/casevac helicopter of French origin having capacity to carry 3 passengers or 100 kg external sling loads. It has max cruise speed of 121 km/hr and can climb to 1 km in 4 minutes.




The Indian Air Force Today

There are five operational air commands, the Western Air Command with headquarters in Delhi being the prime one and responsible for air operations from Kashmir southwards to Rajasthan and including the capital and the Punjab, with an Operations Group dedicated for Jammu & Kashmir including Ladakh. Central Air Command based at Allahabad, encompasses most of the Indo-Gangetic plain while Eastern Air Command, from Shillong, is responsible for Bengal, Assam, the eastern states of Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Mizoram and the others bordering area on Tibet, Bangladesh and Burma.South Western Air Command, at Jodhpur, is responsible for air operations in most of Rajasthan, southwards through Gujrarat to Saurashtra and the Kutch area. Southern Air Command was formed in July 1984 with headquarters at Trivandrum and has, geographically, the largest territory, from the Deccan plateau area to the southern tip of the peninsula and including the island territories of Lakshwadeep and the Andaman & Nicobar Islands. Training Command has its headquarters at Bangalore, with the majority of flying and ground training establishments located in Southern India. Maintenance Command operates from Nagpur in Central India. The five Operational Commands through administrative Wings, control some 45 fixed-wing squadrons, 20 helicopter units and numerous surface -to- air missile squadrons, with unit establishments varying from 12 to 18 aircraft. This represents a total aircraft strength of nearly 1,700 including training and support types, manned by some 120,000 personnel.

The Indian Air Force is today the world's fourth largest, well-equipped and professionally trained, smartly efficient and with an elan second to none.


Top Helicopters:

The IAF's helicopter fleet has steadily increased in numbers over the past twenty years, blossoming from a handful of U.S. types in the '60s to over 500 French, Indian and Soviet built types. The pride of the force is, undoubtedly, the Mi 26 heavy lift helicopter which has been operated by No. 126 H.U. with outstanding results in the mountains of Northern India. The bulk of rotorcraft are Mi 17s and Mi 8s, well over one hundred of these types serving in Helicopter Units throughout the country, playing a vital logistic support role. Mi 8s are operated for commando assault tasks, for ferrying supplies and personnel to remote mountain helipads and jungle clearings, carrying out SAR (Search and Research Operations) and logistic support tasks in the island territories, employed with the Indian permanent station in the Antarctica and so on.

The smaller Alouette 111, renamed Chetak, is as ubiquitous, being employed for casevac(Casualty Evacuation), communi- cations and liaison duties with the IAF having received over 150 examples of this versatile rotorcraft.

In 1986, however, the Government of India formally constituted the Army's Aviation Corps and most Chetak and Cheetahs operating in AOP Squadrons were transferred from the Air Force on 1st November 1986. The Air Force continues to fly armed Chetaks in the anti-tank role as well as for CASEVAC and general duties while the lighter Cheetah is operated by (FAC) flights.

In May 1984, No. 125 Helicopter Unit was formed with the formidable Mi-25 gunship helicopter, used to much effect in Sri Lanka. The upgraded Mi 35 has followed in April 1990, with No. 104 HU being reequipped with the type. Future requirements for armed helicopters are planned to be met by the indigenous Advanced Light Helicopter (ALH) currently under development by HAL at Bangalore.

Trainer

The IAF replaced its HT 2 primary trainers with the HPT32 (Deepak), the new piston engined trainer being utilised at the Basic Flying Training School at Allahabad since January 1988 and at Air Force Academy at Dundigal. Flight cadets then proceed to the Air Force Academy, Dundigal for instruction on the HJT 16 Kiran, first on the Mk. I/IA and then on the armed Mk II version or the Polish origin Iskra, for tactical flying. After commissioning, pilots are streamed to various conversion units, depending on their selection and proficiency. Future fighter pilots are sent to operational conversion units (now known as the MOFTU or MIG Operational Flying Training Unit) where operational and tactical flyng is conducted on MIG 21. Thus are born the IAF's leaders and even future spacemen, like Sqn Ldr Rakesh Sharma, India's first cosmonaut who participated in a joint space flight with the Soviets in 1984.

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Aircraft Operated (1932-1991)
Type of Aircraft

Period
Westland WapitiILA 1933-42
Hawker Hart 1939-40
De Havilland D.H. 82A Tiger Moth 1939-57
De Havilland D.H. 89 Dragon Rapide 1941-44
Armstrong Whitworth A.W. 15 Atalanta 1941-42
Hawker Audax 1941-45
Bristol Blenheim Mk. 1 1941-42
1941-43
North American T-6G Texan Harvard 1942-75
Hawker Hurricane Mk IIB/IIC 1942-45
Vultee Vengeance Mk 1/III 1942-44
VickersValentia Avro Anson 1942-45 HAL/MS 748 1942-44
De Havilland D.H. 85 Leopard Moth 1942-43
De Havilland D.H. 94 Minor Moth 1942-43
Fairchild PT-26 Cornell 1943-46
Hawker Hurricane Mk X11 1943-45
Hawker Hurricane MklV SukhoiSu-7BM l: 1944-45
Supermarine Spitfire Mk V111 1944-48
Boulton Paul Defiant TT Mk Ill Mil Mi-8 1944-45
Fairey Battle 1944-45
Auster AOP41511619 1945-70
Supermarine Spitfire Mk XIV 1945-50
Hawker Tempest Mk 11 1946-53
Douglas C-47 Dakota 1946-88
Airspeed Oxford SepecatJaguar S/B 1947-49
Percival Prentice T Mk 3 1948-59
Consolidated Vultee B-24 Liberator Boeing 737 1948-68
De Havilland Vampire FB Mk 52 1948-72
De Havilland Devon C Mk 1 MiG-25R/bT 1950-88
Supermarine Spitfire MkXVI11 1951-57
HAL HT-2 Mil Mi-25 1953-88
De Havilland Vampire NFMk. 54 1953-66
De Havilland Vampire TMk. 55 11yushinll-76MD 1953-75
Dassault Ouragan (Toofani) 1953-67
Fairchild C-1 19GL Packet MiG-27M 1953-86
Sikorsky S-55 1954-66
Super Aero AE 45.5 1955-57 MiG-29B I rB
llyushin 11:14 1955-77
De Havilland DHC-3 Otter 1956-91 HAL HJT- 16 Kiran Mk. II
Vickers Viscount 1956-67
Bell Model 47G Mil Mi-35 1957-72
Dassault Mystere IVA 1957-73
English Electric Canberra B (1) Mk 58 B.Mk.66,B.Mk. 12, PR. Mk.57, PR.Mk.67, T.Mk.54 1957-
Hawker Hunter F Mk.56.F Mk 56 A,T Mk. 66, T Mk. 66D 1957-
HAL/Folland Gnat Mk 1 1958-78
Sikorsky S-62B 1960-64
Mil Mi-4 1960-81
Antonov An-12 B 1961-
Lockheed Super Constellation 1961-84
Aerospatiale HAL Alouette III (Chetak) 1962-
DHC-4 Caribou 1963-87
MiG-21 F-13 1963-68
HAL/HS 748 1964-
HAL HF-24 Marut Mk.1,IT 1964-83
HAL HAOP-27 Krishak 1965-77
MiG-21 FL/U 1966-
TupolevTu-124 1966-81
SukhoiSu-7BM l: 1968-86
HAL HJT- 16 Kiran Mk l/IA 1968-
Mil Mi-8 1971-
Aerospatiale/HAL Cheetah 1973-
MiG-2 1 MF/M 1973-
TS-11 Iskra 1975-
HAL Ajeet (Gnat Mk.II ) 1977-91
MiG-21bis 1977-
SepecatJaguar S/B 1979-
MiG-23BNllJM 1981-
Boeing 737 1981-
MiG-23MF 1982-
MiG-25R/bT 1982-
AntonovAn-32 1984-
Mil Mi-25 1984-
MilMi-17 1985-
11yushinll-76MD 1985-
Dassault Mirage 2000H 1985-
MiG-27M 1984-
Mil Mi-26 1986-
MiG-29B/UB 1987-
HAL HPT-32 1988-
HAL HJT- 16 Kiran Mk. II 1988-
HAL Dornier 228-201 1988-
Mil Mi-35 1990-
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